My Dilemma (acquisition, merger and initial public offer) Research Paper

My Dilemma (acquisition, merger and initial public offer) - Research Paper ExampleHow the Dilemma came about One Monday morning when I got to the office, something strange and out of protocol happened. Hitherto, I rarely had any say on proposals for reaping and expansion. I was more or less a passive observer who was a pad to learn from his superiors. This time round I was not even asked to give contri furtherions towards a proposal to be sent to management but to select one of three choices management had taken on a long term growth and expansion move. Most of the time, proposals from my department to management were discarded but when proposals came from management to my department, it meant that the proposal was certainly divergence to be implemented. This means that the choice I made was qualifying to be implemented. For a student on internship to decide the long term growth and expansion program for the multi million advertising company was so a herculean task. The dilemma was also with the fact that I had to choose among options given by management. The options were acquisition, merger and initial public offer. The company was considering either purchasing an yields makeup company or merging with the events organization company or putting its shares on public offer as a means of expanding the animated company. This was a dilemma because all three options had their own advantages and disadvantages. It was indeed difficult pointing out which of the options was going to be better than the either. Meaning of the three options Merger has been explained by Farlex (2011) to be a combination of two or more companies in which the assets and liabilities of the selling satisfying(s) are absorbed by the buying firm. It continues to posit that in the event of merger, there is a decision by two companies to combine all operations, officers, structure, and other functions of business (Farlex (2011). To this effect, it meant that if I chose the option of merger , my company would have been tagged as the buying firm. It also meant that by merger, our company was going to combine all its operation, staff, structure and organizational culture with the selling firm. The new company that was going to be formed out of the merger was not going to be under the outright ownership of our firm but then ownership shared by the two companies in question. The Investopedia (2011) on the other cash in ones chips explains that when one company takes over another and clearly established itself as the new owner, the purchase is called an acquisition. The consequence of this definition is that if this choice was chosen by me, our company was

Week three Assignment 1 KJ Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week three 1 KJ - Assignment ExampleI would handle to point that that the following are the leading SCR companies in ground forcesi. Nokia Corporations- As the leading telecommunications company, Nokia Inc h positively impacted on the lives of many people. A part from pass education services on health and agriculture, it ensures that all its products are free of harmful toxicities like centilitre and bromine.ii. Adidas- Adidas has been very much concerned about sustainable environmental conservation. In fact, it was one of the few organizations which direct their climate declarations to the Congress. Besides, most of its products are made up of between 50 and 100% recycled materials.iii. Cisco Systems Incorporations-sit has demonstrate its commitments towards CSR by reaching out to the people who might not be exposed to the internet. It collaborated with other like minded entities to establish Community Knowledge Centers in many countries in the Sub-Saharan Africa so as to prov ide them with internet connectivity. Besides, its very much concerned about environmental

Grace and Love in 'The Courtier' by Baldassare Castiglione Essay

Grace and Love in The Courtier by Baldassare Castiglione - Essay ExampleIn a sense, Castiglione wants to present them as ideal types, as the onorati esempi di virt ( IV, 2, 448 honored models of worthiness287) as can be read from his prologues.When lord Guidobaldo di Montefeltro, duke of Urbino, passed from this life, I together with several other knights who had served him remained in the service of duke Francesco Maria della Rovere, heir and successor to Guidobaldos state and as in my mind there remained fresh the odor of duke Guidos virtues and the satisfaction which I in those years had felt from the loving company of such excellent persons, as then frequented the romance of Urbino.Castigliones goal in his work was to set his statements of praise for Urbino and its inhabitants in general and conventional terms. He did non cite the military exploits or civic triumphs of a character he praises, instead, he celebrates all of them for their virt, (virtue) their ingegno, (ingenuity) their ottime qualit (high dignity).Castiliogne pursues the airlift of Urbinos image to an exemplary righteous excellence and its value for posterity. In his first two prologues, Castiglione highlights the superiority of Urbinos inhabitants. In the prologue to Book III, Castiglione states that if Urbinos pastimes convince him of its excellence, he should be able to imagine easily how much greater the wooiers gross(a) actions were (III, 1, 336). In the last prologue, Castiglione praises the courtiers directly as omini per virt singulari ( IV, 2, 446 men singular in worth286). He viewed the court as a paragon of moral exempla ( IV, 2, 448 kiari ed onorati esempi di virt). The court is presented as an ethical model non only to other existing courts at that time but in like manner to the succeeding generations to come. Moreover, Castiglione confesses in the threesome prologue that he wrote his text carefully to faria vivere negli animi dei posteri (III, 1, 336 make it live in th e mind of posterity202). Finally, as his agriculture upholds classical antiquity, he projects that the young and upcoming generation will envy his time because of the exemplary Urbino court. (III, 1, 336 forse per lavvenire non mancher chi per questo ancor porti invidia al secol nostro).Similarly, the virtues of grace and love which are present in Castiliognes work are also present in Christian morals and manners. Christian morals are a function of moral discernment and moral reasoning. For instance, pack Gustafson stated that moral discernment refer to basic dispositions that are molded in part by the faith and trust Christians have as they offer themselves up to God. Moreover, James Gustafson stated that the concept of moral discernment was related to moral reasoning. Gustafson explained that moral reasoning pertains to a character, or personal moral ability, which covers dispositions, traits, and actions of the moral agent. (Selnick, 1992). Castiliogne stated that the courtier is expected to serve and increase in favour with her Lady. He should instruct her in virtue

How Good Recruitment Practises Help the Organisation In Achieving a Essay

How Good enlisting Practises Help the Organisation In Achieving a Competitive Advantage - Essay ExampleThe business has almost 10,000 locations, which consist of the typical sit-in restaurants, drive through windows, and outpost sites. McDonalds supremacy in the fast-food industry is not expected to evaporate anytime soon. The Company is expanding ad infinitum, as in December 2000, McDonalds and its franchises functioned over 28,700 restaurants childlike reaching in 120 countries and terrain, serving food and drab to over 45 million citizens on a daily basis. Literature Review As per the member enlisting and Selection (2010), it can be said that the recruitment and plectrum belongs to value added HR processes. The staffing is about the capability of the organization to resource in the buff employees, keep the business in commission, and improve the superiority of the human capital working in the company. The virtue of the recruitment process is the most important driver for the contentment of managers with the services provided by Human Resources Department. The article states that the recruitment is a costly HR Process and it eats a fat percentage of the HR budget. Recruitment is a process of taking into service the outlay of hiring. The competitive HR administration perpetually starts with the competitiveenrollment process. The organization builds the competitive advantage with its human resources. The recruitment procedure has to settle on the best sources on the occupation market. The HR recruiters have to retrace use of the recruitment sources, and the manager has to make the correct and immediate hiring decisions. This is a necessary set-up of the ready-for-action recruitment method. In the world of globalization and liberated market, businesses atomic number 18 facing ever-increasing rivalry and consequently questions on how to guarantee continued existence... This essay stresses that effective recruitment and selection process can give an assoc iation a competitive edge over its competitors by manner of speaking both time and expenditure. McDonalds recruits most part of its employees from outside source especially from Newspaper ads that cost them littleThis report makes a conclusion that McDonalds should go for online job advertisements, programs in educational institutions to attract qualified temporary workers. It should take into account different factors like cost of living, taxation, family requirements etc. in recruiting people. An orientation session should be organized at the start to give employees a clear picture of the organization and what it expects out of them. Recruitment policy should be exercised and focused on recruiting the best potential people and must ensure that each employee is treated equally with same dignity and respect it should encourage employees to achieve self-actualization. Briefly it can be concluded that HRM and a companys ability to attain competitive advantage be strappingly co-rel ated. In todays highly globalized world it is difficult for an organization to stay at the forefront and ask out off a competitive advantage. The capability to attract the talent, select the finest budding and advancement of skills, stirring world and retaining the treasured employees will be the key levers for firms triumph. Organizations having good HRM managers and using good HRM strategies are prepared for action advantage.

I did. Attachment for all my decument. I want you to do just part (5) Essay

I did. bond certificate for all my decument. I want you to do just part (5) And part (6) - Essay Example trusted that, the find the sources of actions in their institutions, negotiate with the conflicting parties and resolve/ make final decisions on the posted conflict ( Sharma, 1-5).Communication is very important in the development off a campus because all the involved parties atomic number 18 suitable to agree on any arising issue. Communication offers an avenue for smooth flow of information and and so implementation is enhanced ( Sharma, 1-5).Whenever the communication systems are open all the institutions stakeholders are able to forward their views without fear of being victimized or being criticized. As such the institution bequeath progress because it implements the best inputs of its stakeholders ( Sharma, 1-5).C) How do communication strategies address issues of mutation? (e.g., are teachers notified of staff development intentional to address diversity issues? Are communications with parents conducted in position only, or are communications create verbally in other languages to reach limited English speaking stakeholders?)Communication strategies should be set in such a way that the addresses the issue of diversity. However, these strategies are very hard to implement when it comes to language diversity because in the learning institution setting it is expected that only the national and official language is used. Hence, non- English natives should find their own interpreters so that they can understand what is being conveyed ( Sharma,

The Use of Forecasting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Use of Forecasting - marches Paper ExampleThere are a number of options that fag be utilise to suffice to this situation. Since it is clear the organization give overspend when buying the new computers, then actions plans ought to be implemented to cope d take in on other costs.One of the options that can be used in this situation relates to round forecasting (Baker and Baker, 2014). The organization can cut down on the number of staff in rescript to cut down on costs that would otherwise be spent in purchasing the computers. Since prep for the computers is ongoing, them planning should also be going on to cut down on the staff. This option has its own ramifications. Reduced number of staff will definitely elevate stress levels and burn out and this translates to scummy services. Poor services means that patients will also be dissatisfied. Dissatisfied patients in many cases will opt to seek care in other facilities hence leading to decreased revenue for the facility. spending forecasting as cited by the media can be used to identify the availability of resources (Laureate Education Inc, 2012).Identifying functional resources within the organization can help spot resource that can be take outed and be used for other purposes. The second option that can be used in this case scenario therefore is to pull resources meant for other purposes within the institution to cover for deficit outlined in the new expense report. This can also have negative effects on the quality of services and patient satisfaction. The pulled funds whitethorn have been think for quality improvement and hence pulling them will mean that they initially intended purpose will not be achieved. The third option would be to push the extra expenses to the adjoining budget such that the department operates on a deficit the coming year. This might also happen upon the delivery of services due to insufficient funds but the effects can be

See instructions below CJ220 wk 5 Research Paper

See instructions below CJ220 wk 5 - Research Paper ExamplePreviously, in the early times of policing, officers were not well paid by their respectful departments. The plea of policing lay in the prospect to benefit from the corruption and gratuities that were presented to the constabulary. During the professional period, ranging from 1920-960, this practice distorted. Through the initiative of police unions and the debut of separate civil service transformation, police officers received benefits and better pay. This made some changes in this sector.Police officers who may probably fall into the corruption temptation (especially those on drug details and vice) should be routinely transferred to several(predicate) beats or assignments. The disadvantage of this measure is that it can demolish the human resource expertise, which has been accrued by specific officers. To avoid this loss, administrators only alter a handful of police officers in specific considerations in each rotatio n.This department exists to ratify a measure of responsibility and quality control on actions of police officers. The department attains information by civilian review boards, criminal investigation of police officers, and public complaints. The creation of correctly functioning internal affairs unit lessens the frequency hiring of corrupt police personnel. These units are qualified solely by resources at their disposal and by the administrators relationships with the police

Federalism and Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

nationalism and Business - Essay ExampleA national clay is favourable than a unitary genius beca drill the state territories support be used as laboratories to try out vocation insurance policy changes such as several fusions of laws, technological adjustments and tax policies. New policies are important to promote competitiveness as time goes by. It is easier for a federal government to perform experiments on policy changes since it can use a selected state as a lab rat. This experimentation phenomenon has been successfully used by the piece in the UK in health, education and economic policies (Martin & Sanderson, 1999, 249). If a policy leads to better business performance in the selected state, it can then be used throughout the regions. If disastrous, the federal government can correct or control the effects more economically unlike a central government. Centralized governments employ more of similar policies in the entire area of governance. They are therefore relucta nt to try out refreshful policies due to extensive risks likely to affect the entire economy (Rich & William, 2002, 58). State governments flip more knowledge on their constituents needs than the central government. Presumably, decentralized governments are closer to their constituents and are more likely to have better knowledge of local cost conditions and preferences. If such information is publicized, businesses can be able to register advantage of the market niche that needs to be filled. Even though the central government can theoretically employ local agents, they will probably have less political incentive to dictate into account their constituents needs above those of local government agents. The states will therefore have a sexual relation advantage over the central government in experimentation and creating variation.... The states will therefore have a relative advantage over the central government in experimentation and creating variation. Federalized governments a re better supervisors of business and business related activities. This is as a result of reduction in complexities associated with bureaucracies in centralized governments. Federal governments can therefore be said to be more useful in performing their supervisory duties to the public. According to Lord Bryce in Zavodnyik, 2011 (p65 - 68), the growth in civil order in the United States has been as a result of state governments ability to closely monitor affairs of the citizens than congress was. As per Zavodnyik, this is one of the factors which drove USA to being one of the largest and most organized economies in the world. The US through its states system can better enforce business contracts in the states. It can also perform more effective control in the respective state markets due to closeness of the government to the people. This reduces counterfeits and the number of transactions performed in the black market. Fabbrini 2009, in the book Democracy and Federalism in the Euro pean Union and the United States Exploring Post-National Governance seconds this pointing the US and UK as the countries with the lowest levels of counterfeit products in their territorial markets. Even though the governments may use the federal government to reduce illegal trades in order to maximize on the amount of taxes it collects, this promotes businesses whose markets are puke at risk by counterfeits and illegal transactions which are expensive (European Center for Security Studies, 2010, 103). This creates a conducive breeding ground for businesses since it means less bureaucracy and red tape measures which

A rhetorical analysis on How Society in the United States Views Research Paper - 1

A rhetorical analysis on How Society in the United States Views Abortion and what impact the media has on that compute - Research Paper ExampleIyengar, Shanto Hahn, Kyu S. Red Media, Blue Media Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use. Journal of Communication, 59.1 (2009) 19-39 - This condition is geared towards showing that the public is always aligned towards media houses that cover news that are aligned to their governmental interests. It follows then that there is a partial selectivity on the news that people on National boob tube due to a perceived bias. Such a trend is worrying and may erroneously affirm the public which negatively impacts the society. The article concentrates on proliferation of biased media houses which is important for this paper in the miscarriage moot perception.National Survey of State Laws. Abortion. 16th Nov 2012. Web 2008 http//www.encyclopedia.com/topic/abortion.aspx - This is the primary text that provides information about(predicate) the different legislations that govern the abortion debate. Most of these legislations are quite controversial and they have led to a polarized public with two extreme views on the debate.Rohlinger, Deana A. Friends and foes Media, politics, and manoeuvre in the abortion war. Social Problems 53.4 (2006) 537-561 - This paper concentrates on how politics and the media interplay to inform the public about the abortion debate. Both politics and media strategies influence each other(a) in presenting facts about sensitive debates touching on the US public. The media on its part employs different tactics to bring out their messages to the public which influences perceptions of controversial issues in US. As such, this article provides important information on the broad tactics used by media and enhances knowledge on the dynamics of politics in the abortion debate.Weitz, Tracy A., and Yanow Susan. Implications of the Federal Abortion Ban for Womens Health in the United States. Reproducti ve Health Matters, 16.31 (2008) 99-107 - Authors of this article refine on the impacts of the Partial Birth

Workplace Saftey Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Workplace Saftey - Case Study ExampleAssessment of risks in the in operation(p) department in a bank involves assessing the various risks including their effects, presenting possible alternative ways of avoiding the risk, making the ending on the best strategy to mitigate the risk and implementing the risk controls adopted by the firm. By the cartridge clip a bank makes decision on the mitigation measures, the management has accepted the occurrence of the risks and is not assay to reduce the effects on the firm. In one of the banks, the management assessed the risks affecting its operations department by beginning by assessing the issue at hand. This was followed by balancing resources in establishing possible solutions and balancing resources in establishing the solutions. Thereafter, the management communicated the risks and intended intentions by its actions. A debrief that involved taking of action and monitoring responses followed. business 2 WHS Harmonization a. Objective s of Harmonisation The main objective of the harmonization of the act was to realise that the entire sphere has one law that governs work place expertty for all employees. In addition, the regulations ar to regard unassailable working conditions for the entire country and commonwealth countries. The states had to maintain their jurisdiction over because employees work in the states and it would be easier for them to handle workplace safety issues rather than the federal government. b. Features of a WHS act The act is about place setting a good working environment regarding health and safety of employees in organizations. The changes that were made to the act were some(prenominal) and were made in different section of the law as outlined below. In section four, a new definition of engage in conduct was given as the means of doing an act sequence the corresponding jurisdiction was provided as A jurisdiction may extend the operation of a planning that applies to a correspondi ng WHS law to specified laws of the jurisdiction. This should be dealt with separately in the provision or regulations chthonian the provision (Safework Australia 2) In section 7, the jurisdiction note was omitted and replaced by anew jurisdiction note that desire to alter section 7(1). In some sections such as sections 8(2), 20(1)a, 22(5), 28(d), 36 and 52(3) among others, articles and prepositions were added to alter the meanings of the constituents of the law. In section 98, merely was replaced by only while clause 110 was omitted and replaced by another clause outlining discriminative conduct, its proof, avoiding discrimination and jurisdiction over misconduct (Safework Australia 3). c. Implications of WHS act for i) Organizations The implications of the act on organization are that firms should establish a level-headed and safe working environment. All working environments in Australia and other commonwealth countries are to comply with the act failure to which they will be sued. The organization is responsible for initiating the necessary changes regarding a safe and healthy working environment for its employees. ii) Managers/supervisors The managements of companies are responsible for implementing the policies stipulated in the act regarding provision of a healthy and safe working environment. The act stipulates what is called a safe and healthy working environment. What is reasonably practicable in relation to duty to ensure safety and health means what is to be done reasonably to ensure health and safety of employees. The managers and supervisors in an organization are to provide the practicable duty of care in any form of business. Proper inspection of premises should be undertaken frequently by the management to ensure that a proper

Literature review in E-commerce in saudi arabia Assignment

Literature review in E-commerce in saudi arabia - Assignment ExampleCustomer pressure will havelittleornothepreliminaryadoption of e-commerce by business. There is a unvoiced support structure for electronic commerce I Saudi-Arabian Arabia.The model channelises that 81 percent of Saudi customer intendeds to continues hopping online and can be generalized across Riyadh .Perceived ease of use and perceived public utility company directions can help to improve the models power of prediction and would be better than the original power.Analyze and demonstrates a relationship of the relevant factors that affect the internet customers in Saudi a Arabia and goes on to include a correlation of fundamental govern the trust of Saudi consumers in the electronic commerce, and the indicators of weaknesses and strengths, which influence the elements. And it goes on to show the indicators the weaknesses and strengths that affect these factorsIdentified eight main barriers to weak after sale suppo rt, fear of product un-arrival, unavailability of shipping in vendors websites, website language, no initial experience regarding online shopping, unavailable of house mailing address, payment system of rules issues and high purchasing costs.- The whole research concerning e-commerce in Saudi Arabia was conducted by combining both quantifiable and qualitative methods. The approach of mixed technique was applicable on the customers samples and retailers.- The study introduced a conceptual cloth model, which aims at encouraging confidence in e-commerce retailing domain in Saudi Arabia is a dawdling e-commerce adopter and the e-commerce development and is slow in progress in contrast to the leading and developed countries.The elements that influence the adoption of the decisions have been established, but there is limited empirical research that assesses the e-commerce adoption in evolution nations in the Arab word such as Saudi Arabia.The study examined the perception of mobile phone users and their concerns

Race and your Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

wash and your Community - Essay ExampleIn short they came in search of a better and much profound spirit both for themselves as well as their children. They came looking for a life room more enhanced and improved than they had previously been animateness in their original country of herit date. With the passage of time, my ancestors came to calm down in St. Louis, Mo.Whenever one discusses the notion of race, it is essential to discuss the concept of fraternity as well. One cannot last without the other and both are essential for the survival of any society. Therefore, in the same dictionary, the definition of association is given as, a group of hatful living together in one place such(prenominal) that they cave in the same religion, race etc. and the tidy sum of an area or country considered as a group. It is true that communities originally started off with people of a certain background, a specific guild living together such that they either had their professions, colo r or ethnicity as a common denominator. Such communities have existed in most parts of USA, until recently. With the advent of globalization, immigration of people to the New World from all everyplace the planet and enhanced awareness of other cultures among the local population, all communities have had to undergo drastic changes. My community is also a part of this modern global society. It is diverse from the past ones in the sense that people of all racial backgrounds coexist in it. However, it is not to say that communities no longer exist and that groups of people no longer tend to segregate together. They do but in a very distinct set-up. This is because the common denominators that previously made-up a community, have changed. In my opinion the two basic factors that makes up a community now a days is the monetary resources as well as the age group of people. People with high-income levels usually tend to segregate in a certain area of a city whereas those with less income tend to live in separate contiguitys or areas of their own. The same may be said for people of divergent ages groups. The elderly of course live in retirement homes or neighborhoods specifically designed for them. Whereas the young people prefer to live in an area with hip nightclubs and a parcel of hustle n bustle, families with small children will instead try to find a safe and peaceful neighborhood with low crime rates. Thus communities still exist but they have taken on a new face that is quite different from any previous one. For a moment, picture the community that I live in. Around where I live there are five churches each belongs to a different Christian denomination, two synagogues, a Muslim mosque and a Hindu temple. The Buddhists of the area gather together at a members house to pray. This sufficiently shows that people of all religions have come to dwell and live together in a single community and that religion is no longer a denominator for a community. I personally have friends from all of the aforementioned religious groups. Consider the various ceremonies that these different groups follow, decorating the hands of the bride with Hennna (Arabian), scatter of rose petals (English), jumping the broom (African), bride wearing numerous robes (Japanese), Bride carrying lump of sugar to signify sweet life (Greek) etc. (http//www.slpl.org/slpl/interests/article240109217.asp) Thus, when one goes to a wedding in our community you can be

Security and Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words - 1

Security and Justice - Essay ExampleAdditionally realism beholds pledge studies as the conditions that tend to employ force more likely, the ways that the application of force influences individuals, societies, put in and the unshared policies that states implement so as to get ready for, prevent or take part in war (Walt 1991 212).The cheat School approach considers security essentially diametric to traditional approaches. The School of mind describes security as emancipation (Booth 1991 319 McDonald 2012 43). Emancipation is understood as the freeing of people (as individuals and groups) from those physical and humanity constraints which stop them carrying out what they would freely choose to do (Booth 1991 319). These physical and human constrains are not specify de callinistically but are somewhat context-specific (McDonald 2012 48). In comparison to a realist understanding of security, the cheat School provides a standardized outline that people are supposed to be the r eferent objects of security established against the state because the moral intent of the state is to oblige a social contract and preserve its population.The two different conceptualizations of security stated above demonstrate how security is judged because there is no consensus on what the expression stands for. some(prenominal) make convincing yet differing statements about what security means. Consequently, there is no available description of the term that is sensitive to the way security can be perceived or performed by all players.The Welsh School has expressly criticized the realist perception of security. Realists see the state as the principal player in introduction politics and hence comprehend security to be concerned with the defense of the state (Carnesale and Nacht 1976 2 Walt 1991 213). Welsh School scholars oppose this view, arguing that the fundamental role of the state is not to protect itself but to apply a social contract and shield its population especially since the state is offered

Negligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Negligence - Essay ExampleThis write up explores the differences among negligence, gross negligence, and malpractice. In addition, the paper discusses the importance of documentation and its connection with a negligence case in which a patients wrong leg was amputated. Negligence, Gross Negligence, and Malpractice In general, negligence refers to the failure by a nurse to delve cargon to a patient in a reasonable and wise manner in the prevailing circumstances. Thus, negligence refers to any harm caused by a nurses carelessness, rather than intentional harm. On the other hand, malpractice is a professional negligence, which occurs when an authorized and licensed nurse fails to give patient care according to the laid down standards (Phillips et al., 2004). That is, care at a lower place the standards set by the regulative body. It is worth noning that the poor standard of such care subsequently causes harm to a patient. The table below summarises the differences and similaritie s between malpractice and negligence Malpractice Negligence Definition A professional nurse gives substandard Though provident and reasonable, a nurse gives unreasonable care Intentional Yes Can be intentional or not Lawsuits in Civil Courts Civil Courts Proof of lawsuit Duty, Breach, Causation and Damages Duty, Breach, Causation and Damages An manakin of a malpractice is a nurse who intentionally harms a patient by not performing his or her duties according to the laid down procedures and standards. On the other hand, a nurse harming a patient payable to carelessness amounts to negligent act. Therefore, any unintentional action or omission that causes patient injuries is negligence man failure to adhere to nurse standards of practice may result in a malpractice lawsuit (Phillips et al., 2004). harmonise to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), malpractice refers to an inappropriate, unacceptable, and unethical conducts caused by an unreaso nable lack of skill by a professional. On the other hand, gross negligence simply refers extreme cases of carelessness by a nurse. The implication by gross negligence is that a nurse has gone far below the standard of care with which a prudent and reasonable nurse may act towards a patients care (Phillips et al., 2004). In gross negligence, there is no trace of or slight evidence of care, make up by the standards of a careless person. Thus, gross negligence has a degree difference with negligence. Several reasons run through been cited as the main causes of negligence, gross negligence, and malpractice including delegation of duties, early discharge, shortage of nurses, hospital downsizing, numerous and advances in technology, better-informed patients, and spread out legal liability targeting medical professionals. With regards to task delegation, many hospitals have certain cost-cutting and cost-containment strategies, which propel them to delegate nursing duties to unlicensed a ssistants (Phillips et al., 2004). These assistants may not be aware of a facilitys or a regulators standards of care or nursing practice act. Second, many facilities discharge patients quite early, prior to full convalescence while they still need acute and intensive nursing care. Other cost-containment strategies used in facilities are reduction in the number of nurses, which increases workloads for nurses, thus the likelihood for errors to occur. The many technological

How useful are Marx ideas to understanding the problems and struggles Essay

How useful are Marx ideas to understanding the b others and struggles of our 21st century - Essay ExampleAccording to Marx, the problem of lodge is rooted in equality between classes. Free trade had unmasked the true picture of society by giving us a clear image of brutal exploitation in the memorial tablet of civilization. In the 21st century, the picture painted by Marx during his time can still be vividly seen and observed all over the world. If you take a closer look at the big establishments that command the industries nowadays, you will notice that these companies and are becoming like dynasties where the top ranking corporate executives lord the devote and the lives of the employees. Although learned individuals may argue that employment is but a matter of choice, such choice is not easy to make nowadays for the lack of better opportunities available. This scenario is comparable to the time of landlords and serfs where the farmers dont genuinely have a choice but to toil in the face of unfair conditions for fear that he/she will lose the land and compromise the survival of his/her family. Much as we would like to view advertise in our present time as a go of capital, it is still viewed as a form of commodity that people trade and is subject to market fluctuations of supply and demand thus the continuing antipathy between class of individuals such as the skilled and the unskilled labor. This phenomenon cause the prices of labor in other parts of the world to be cheaper than that in the United States and other developed countries.

GNU Public License and its Role Essay Example for Free

wildebeest Public permit and its Role bear witnessThe LINUX parcel and other products are restricted with a indorse or patents to keep item-by-item from fixation or modifying the software. Developers usually release their software programs the way they think it best suit the potential phone line owner or users. The General Public License (GNU) role is to ensure when new software is released that it stay dislodge to everyone to use as they please. The GNU role is to remove any software that has no inception code. The parts that do not contain a source code are called binary blemish and firmware generally redistributable, do not give the user the freedom to modify or written report them. General Public License know as (GNU) General Public License was created by Richard M. Stallman in 1970 when he was a programmer at MITs Artificial Intelligence lab. The General Public License (GNU/ GPL) is a copy left evidence for software and other kinds of work that are free to the unexclusive The General Public License is the almost popular free and open source software (FOSS) license today. According to Ronald free software and open source are often interchangeably used (and the several(prenominal) movements share many common goals (2006). The General Public License purpose is to guarantee individual or developers the freedom to share and alter any version of a program to ensure it remains free and available to every individual. The General Public License is used by the Free Software Foundation( FSF), for most of their software programs it also applies to other work made public by the author. Free software make to political movement while open source refer to software development methodology.When talking more or less free software program it is speaking of freedom not an amount of money. The General Public License were created to assure that people have the freedom to hand out copies of software and make a mesh forthem if you desire. When an individua l receive a source code the GNU allow the individual to change the software or use part of it in newer free programs and know you can do these things. The GNU protects individual right with two steps that are assert copyright of the software and offers license that gives legal leave to copy, distribute, or modify it. The GNU monitor individual that want to go in a divers(prenominal) direction. This means that contrast, individuals, groups an or organization offers software and other work to the public with access for modification and distribution. LINUX reference across the computer world was changed by individuals across the computer world and when this was done the changes made it more efficient. The role of GNU is to allow individual to run a program for any purpose and also personalize each one as their own. .ReferenceRonald J. Mann, Commercializing Open Source Software Do keeping Right Still Matter?, 20 HARV. J. LAW TECH. 1, 11 (2006) Tsai, J. (2008). FOR BETTER OR WORSE I NTRODUCING THE GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE VERSION 3. Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 23(1), 547-581

Keeping Up With the Jones’s Case Study Essay Example for Free

keeping Up With the Joness Case Study Essay stir up I1. What two parameters are creditworthy for creating the movement (filtration and reabsorption) of fluid across the capillary tubing wall? 2. Find a diagram of a capillary copy/paste and cite the source. 3. Under normal circumstances, what components of the logical argument cross the capillary wall? 4. Cytokines, resembling histamine and leukotrienes, are secreted by damaged cells in Daves ankle. How do these cytokines cause fervidness? 5. How does the application of scum to the ankle affect blood flow through the capillaries? 6. How does the removal of ice from the ankle affect blood flow through the capillaries and the cytokines? 7. How does compression, which is provided by an elastic (Ace) bandage wrapped around the damaged ankle, decrease inflammation? 8. How does elevation of the damaged ankle decrease inflammation?Part II1. What problems are there in Suzies life, and does she exhibit any peculiar signs and sympto ms? 2. Why did Suzie pass out when she stood up? 3. Why did Suzies mother place Suzies feet on a chair? 4. Why did Suzie feel as if she had no energy at the set ups office? 5. Make an initial speculation about Suzies condition at this era. Assuming that your speculation is true, what do you think the doctor will find in the results of Suzies corporeal examination?Part III1. What new signs and symptoms does Suzie exhibit that would concern you if you were the doctor? 2. Do you neediness to make any further speculation about Suzies condition at this time? Assuming that your speculation is true, what do you think the doctor will find in the results of Suzies physical examination?Part IV1. Is Suzies weight reasonable for her height? 2. Calculate the stroke spate of Suzies heart, and compare it to that of a normal individual. 3. Why do you think her blood pressure is take down than normal? Does low blood pressure explain any of Suzies signs and symptoms that you may have discover? 4. Why is Suzies hematocrit low, and why are her red blood cells pale and immature? 5. Compared with a normal, healthy person predict the level of the following in Suzies blood (higher, same, lower) sodium, potassium, calcium, glucose, iron, and protein. 6. Do you wish to make any further speculation about Suzies condition at this time?Part V1. Assuming that the ion levels in the blood plasm are similar to those in the interstitial fluid, what is the meat of low potassium levels on the membrane potential of Suzies nerve and muscles? 2. Does this explain Suzies thudding heart rate and ectopic beats? 3. How does low plasma calcium level account for her rock-bottom stroke volume? 4. What is the role of blood proteins in the movement of fluid between the blood and the interstititial outer space? 5. What would be the effect of low blood protein levels on the colloidal pressure? 6. How do low plasma protein levels produce edema?Part VI1. What conditions make Suzie a candidate for anor exia? 2. Do you think the doctors treatment is appropriate, or would you have admitted her into hospital? 3. When do you think Suzie should schedule her next overthrow to the doctor?Source National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science

The Best Advice Essay Example for Free

The Best Advice EssayWe receive advice from whateverone save about e real(prenominal)day. Rather its good or bad , right or wrong , or blowsy or difficult. The best advice I have perpetually received would have to that life goes on. Because its true, no yield what mistakes you make in life. Life will go on. People make mistakes all the time. We know mistakes are prone to happen sooner or later. Dont get sad, mad, frustrated or give up what your doing because you failed. squash happens and your not going to always get things right the first time around. Just shake it bump off and keep on moving. When my gran pappa passed away a few years ago from Alzheimers. I thought I would never get passed the grief. I lost my best friend and thought my life would be over.Untill my daddy simply told me that even though grandaddy lost his life, I stiil have my own to live. He said not to dwell on it so much and just accept that he is in a pause place now, and try to move on with my ow n. I also learned this lesson from my aunt Nicole when we recently gear up out that she had cancer. She is usually a happy go lucky type person, but now she is dim and usually tired. When she found out she had it she was already in stage four. She lost all her hair and looked very tired and sick. I wasnt sure if she would make it or not.I was so scared for her. She told me not to be scared and that she would inform me with any new information the doctors gave her. But most of all she said to me that whatsoever to her that my life will still go on and to live it to the fullest. She went through two Chemotherapys and it was gone. I was very excited Till this day I still use the advice that life goes on, and will always. To me its the best advice you could ever give someone when they are down in the dumps or even happy. These are some of the reasons why I choose Life goes on, as my best advice.

Free

Free Will vs. Determinism essayAbstr execution Is it thinkable that two philosophical worlds can coexist yet still be entreat no to? There are many who say yes and many who say no. Some reckon that feel is lived by throw overboard will. Others bank that life is lived through predetermination, kn protest as determinism. May unmatched thing exist if another cannot. Who is to say yes or no? Free Will vs. Determinism Socrates May it be that in that location is substantial reason to believe things are what they are be pee-pee of what they were? Nathan So, you too would be describing determinism as the room things will be as a result of how things are and work of natural laws?Socrates Would you agree that this doer there is no human freedom of excerpt or action that was ours to make in the number one place? Nathan No, I would like to believe humanity has the freedom of choice, since our choices are ours in the first place, although they must(prenominal) have an explanatio n. Socrates Is it possible that every choice may not have an explanation for why something light-emitting diode to specific effects? Nathan Yes, it is possible, but I would like to think that some situations do not reconcile explanations. Socrates Nathan, is there room for acceptance that human choices or situations may be events? Nathan That would be to say that they are mere objects in time or instantiations of properties in objects. Socrates Possibly, but wouldnt that mean they would hold an explanatory cause? Nathan If what youre asking determines whether or not there is an explanation for why something happened that led to a specific effect, then yes. Socrates Would you agree that every choice or event would have an explanatory cause? Nathan Yes, I would like to believe that sometimes some choices or events are random championing to free will. Socrates Are these human choices or events we speak of the same or are they different? Nathan I would believe them to be d ifferent. Choices are instances of free will through periodic randomness as where events are a great deal reflections of these spoken choices. Hence, they are different. Often choices may lead to an event, but events often lead to choices. Socrates So you would shield the idea that explanatory cause is not to be free? Nathan No, to be free is having the ability to act at will not under compulsion or restraint. Therefore to be free is except an individual idea. Socrates Are these two worlds of free will and determinism able to coexist within the same landed estate? Nathan Yes, I believe it is possible that a persons free will may lead them to a point of determinism. This being they make a choice and then in turn that choice leads them to a predetermined point in life. It was fair their choice in when or how they arrived there. Socrates Can there be external determinism and internal free will? Nathan It is possible that we may have a predetermination, notwithstanding I believ e that at the same time, we are capable of making our own determinations and making our own free choices. Even if these choices may lead to a determined place it is still our own decision on how we may arrive there. Summary I would like to state that I believe it is possible for determinism to exist in a world that is decided by free will even if our life is predetermined. However, just because our life has a determined end it does not conclude that the contents of our lives were without free will.Our choices on the whole have an explanatory cause, even if we would like to think that some choices are made at random. This is, however, just another example that we control our own free will. References CLARKE, P. H. (2010). Determinism, Brain Function and Free Will. Science Christian Belief, 22(2), 133-149. Millican, P. (2010). Humes Determinism. Canadian Journal Of Philosophy, 40(4), 611-642 http//www. galilean-library. org/site/index. php/page/index. html/_/essays/introducingphilo sophy/13-free-will-and-determinism-r29.

Prevalence of smoking and drinking Essay Example for Free

prevalence of have and bever period EssayAdolescence, from Latin word adolescere which gist to grow up is a transitional gunpoint of physical and psychological human development generally occurring between puberty and legal adulthood. It is near closely associated with teenage years. Adolescence is further divided into three to a greater extent stages, the early (12-14 years old), middle (15-17 years old) and late adolescence (18-20/21 years old). In each stage of human development, in that respect be physical, stirred up and physiological changes that happen. This is based from the concept that humans have developmental tasks that should be accomplish per stage. In the adolescence stage, adoles cents be in critical stage because teenagers be exposed to a larger environment (Macmillan Dictionary for Students, 1981). circumstance of the lease Nowadays, teenagers that atomic fleck 18 exposed to various environment ar now engaged to take and absorbing intoxicant beverages for some close competentnesss. The strong association between binge tipsiness and ingest among adolescents whitethorn be attributable, in post, to the fact that both adolescent alcohol use and tobacco use sh are a come up of sociocultural risk factors.Researchers have name that these factorsincluding family and ally influences, demographics, advertising, economics, and alcohol and tobacco availabilityare associated with adolescents initial and continued tobacco and alcohol use (Bobo, J. and Corinne Husten, 2000). According to the U. S. Surgeon General Report (1994), some 80% of adult mourning bandrs started grass before the age of 18. Every day, nearly 3,000 young battalion chthonic the age of 18 become regular smokers and an estimated 2. 1 million heap began hummer on a daily basis in 1997.More than half of these new daily smokers were younger than age 18. This translates to much than 3,000 new young smokers per day. The rate of youth initiation of dai ly smoking increased somewhat from 55. 5 to 74. 9 per 1,000 potential new users between 1991 and 1996, but remained aim in 1997 (the 1998 National Household re stack on Drug Abuse). It is said that young sight who come from a lowincome family and have fewer than twain adults living in their household are especially at risk for becoming smokers and those with poorer horizontal surfaces and lower self-images are about presumable to begin.using tobacco. Over the past decade, in that location has been virtually no decline in smoking judge among all teens. Among black adolescents, however, the prevalence of smoking has declined dramatically. close young people who smoke are addicted to nicotine and were describe that they want to quit but are unable to do so (Statistics on juveniles, 1994). In 2002, Komro and Toomey said that alcohol use by underage drinkers is a persistent unrestricted health problem in the United States, and alcohol is the nearly commonly used medicate among adolescents.Accordingly, many approaches have been developed and studied that aim to pr even upt underage swallow. Alcohol use initiation rate for children rise quickly from age 10 up to about age 13, when they reach more than 50 percentage. Subsequently, initiation rates begin to slow a evolve (Kosterman, R. et al. , 2000). Moreover, alcohol is the most commonly used medicine among adolescents. According to Epstein, J. et al. , alcohol use continues to be an important humans health problem.Recent national inspect data indicate that 41% of current 8th graders, 62% of 10th graders, 73% of 12th graders and 85% of college students have used alcohol. Even more troubling is that 11% of 8th graders, 22% of 10th graders, 25% of 12th graders and 40% of college students reported heavy episodic insobriety. Domingo and Marquez found large gender differences in the risk-taking behaviors among Philippine adolescents and youths. Men are much more likely than women to drink, smoke, a nd use drugs.The large gender difference in risk-taking behavior among adolescents and youths is rather common in Asian countries but not in the U. S. In our case, The Philippines has no national legal philosophy regulating smoking and sale of tobacco products. There is no minimum age requirement for the purchase of cigarettes and no law regulating the advertising and promotion of cigarettes. There is no law that requires the printing of warning labels on cigarette packages. Instead, the National Tobacco Administration (NTA) is supposed to protect and adopt along the balanced and integrated growth of the tobacco industry.Despite the results of a batch which say that 72 per cent of the studyed adult population was supportive of having a legislation banning smoking advertisements. There are more restrictions on alcoholism than smoking especially of the minors. Those who are less than 18 years old are 2Page prohibited from purchasing or drinking spirituous drinks. However, the e nforcement of this regulation is weak (Choe, M. and Corazon Raymundo, 2001). Objectives This instruction aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking and drinking of spiritous beverages among aged soaring give instruction students specifically1. to analyze the prevalence of smoking and drinking of boozer beverages between aged students of human beings and orphic spicy civilise 2. to contrast the occurrence of smoking and drinking boozer beverages among senior high aim priapics and feminines 3. to identify and score the skeletal frameers why senior high school students smoke and drink souse beverages 4. to determine the awareness lieu of senior high school students in footing of the effects of smoking and drinking soaker beverages on their physiological health and 5.to identify the effect of smoking and drinking of alcoholic beverages on the tenderization of senior high school students.Review of Related Literature There are different factors attaining differ ent behaviors of adolescents. One mixer theory studied by Travis Hirschi (1969) is a more general explanation of divergence than deterrence theory, but which is, in turn, primarily restricted to informal social control which comes from individuals being bonded to multitudes and institutions.1236 grade 9-13 students from 62 randomly selected classrooms in 3 Canadian schools in the Borough of East York, 1 of Metropolitan Torontos 6 municipalities, were surveyed in December 1994 about their alcohol drinking beliefs and behaviors, and related lifestyle behaviors. Findings are based upon the compendium of data from 628 boys and 608 girls, of whom 799 were born in Canada. 24% of the students reported never having tasted alcohol, 22% had tasted alcohol but were not current drinkers, 39% were current moderate drinkers, 11% drank at 3Page least 5 drinks per occasion at least once per month, and 5% did not answer.The most often utter argues for not drinking were family upbringing and th ey believed adverse effects of alcohol consumption upon health, while the most often stated reasons for drinking were because it is an enjoyable experience and to get into a party mood. Respondents drinking patterns were significantly related to gender, ethnicity, grade, and the reported drinking habits of parents and friends. Older manlike adolescents who describe themselves as Canadian are more likely to drink heavily than are students who are younger or womanish, or self-identify as Asian or European. trusted heavy drinkers are at greater risk than former(a) students of engaging in other risky behaviors such as drinking and driving, riding with an intoxicated automobile driver, and smoking every day (Feldman et al. , 1999). In unrivaled of the surveys in US, half of respondents knew of a place near their school where kids could go to drink and get high during the school day, according to the yearly back-to-school survey, which polled 1,003 12-to-17-years old. And more than o ne-third said that students had ample opportunity during the school day to drug, drink and smoke without getting caught.Drug use in both in the man eye(predicate) and hole-and-corner(a) schools is on the rise, with 54 percent of occult high school students reporting that drugs are available in their schools versus 24 percent in 2002 and 61 percent of students at creation schools saying their schools are drug infected, compared with 46 percent in 2002. The researchers looked closely at the role of social media in teen vegetable marrow use and found 75 percent of surveyed 12 to 17-year-olds said enamoring pictures of teens partying with alcohol or cannabis on social networking sites such as Facebook or MySpace encourages them to party similarly (Gardner, 2012).Forty-five percent of teens some 11 million said they have seen such pictures online and 47 percent of those teens said that it seems like conceive of teens are having a secure time. Teens who have seen these pictur es were found to be four times more likely to have used marijuana, more than three times likelier to have used alcohol, and almost three times more likely to have used tobacco (CBSnews, 2012). 4Page In the awareness of teenagers on the health risks of smoking and drinking, it was found in one of the studies that teenagers say that smoking is more dangerous than smoking.Teen smoking has declined in all three grades included in the directgrades 8, 10, and 12. Still, almost 19 percent of 12th graders reported current (past-month) cigarette use. This decline shows that more teens realize the harm smoking does to your consistence and are making the decision not to start. Also, teens attitudes about smoking have changed. They increasingly prefer to image nonsmokers and believe smoking to be a dirty habit. Likewise, among nearly all grades, trends over the past 5 years showed significant decreases in alcohol use, including first-time use, occasional use, daily use, and binge drinking. As with smoking, this decline may be the result of more teens understanding the risk of drinking alcohol and disapproving of this behavior (The Sara Bellum Blog, 2012). How teenagers savour about themselves frivols a significant role in whether they choose to drink or use other drugs, according to a new report released today by SADD and Liberty Mutual Group. The Teens Today 2003 study in like manner reveals that a teens Sense of Self, can influence sexual behavior, reaction to peer pressure, and, importantly, be affected by a teens bloods with parents (Henderson and Greenberg, 2004).Research has shown that the media over estimates smoking rates and often associates smoking with favorable attributes or situations. Given that the media plays a large role in influencing youth culture, portrayal of smoking in the media is of concern. In order to explore young peoples perceptions of smoking imagery in the media, 16 focus separates were conducted with 117 school students. Participant s were asked to rate smoking images selected from audiovisual and print media, and to argue their perceptions of these images. The results showed that young people perceived smoking in these media selections to be normal and acceptable.They identified with the stress relieving and social aspects of smoking, despite being well aware of the harmful health effects. Its acceptability as part of a cool image was in any case noted. Positive images of smoking in the media have the potential to down play the serious health consequences of smoking by portraying it in a representation that young people interpret as a 5Page normal part of everyday life. They may also encourage a more neutral or tolerant attitude towards smoking among young people and therefore act to counteract other health promotion efforts to reduce teenage smoking (Watson et al., 2003).6Page METHODOLOGY The Participants In the study of determining the prevalence of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages among senior st udents from clannish and semipublic high schools, a total of forty senior high school students, 20 students comprising of ten manly and ten egg-producing(prenominal) students from public high school and twenty students comprising of ten male and ten effeminate students from mystical high school were randomly asked to answer the questionnaires provided by the group. The public school was a public national high school located in Los Banos, Laguna.On the other hand, the clubby school is a registered reclusive non-sectarian high school in Los Banos, Laguna as well. The respondents have a mean age of 16 years old, ranging from 15-18, having a mode of 16. Measures The most commonly used and most frequently self devised measuring instrument, the questionnaire was used simply to obtain information directly from subject as to make a standardized list of factual information or elicited application that was conclude to a larger population.A one-shot survey questionnaire was used as t he research instrument in the study of determining the prevalence of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages among senior students from private and public high schools. It is a usual study design where a single group of individuals is selected for observation over a single, check time period, usually because they have experienced some factor taken as important in shaping some outcome (Kelly, 2012). And according to Jupp (2012), it is akin to one-off crosssectional design.As shown in Appendix A, a letter to the respondent identifying our topic and informing our objectives were told. Moreover, see Appendix B for the complete copy of the questionnaire used in the study. 7Page The questionnaire was divided into three parts individual(prenominal) information, Physiological post and Lifestyle, and Social Aspect. The Personal information section was used for determining the age, sex, type of school, religion, and parents civil position. While in the physiological status and lifestyle section, this would tell us how often the students from private and public schools smoke and drink alcoholic beverages.Also, to recoup out if the students were aware of the effects that these specific vices can contribute to their health suss out. Lastly, the way of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages of the students in terms of having a companion or not while smoking and/or drinking and the perceptions of parents and themselves were determined in the Social Aspect section. The Setting The researchers had entrusted the set of questionnaires to one of the respondents from public and one from private high schools. They were the ones who distributed the set questionnaires to their fellow senior high school classmates.The respondents were a given a whole day time to answer the survey questionnaire. The two entrusted students collected all the completely answered survey questionnaires at the end of the day. Data Analysis In the process of obtaining, the questionnaires were made, d istributed and collected again. For a more simple-minded analysis of the data collated, tallying was made in a tabulated manner. The data obtained were computed to get the percentage by dividing the number of score with the sum total of scores and then multiplying it by 100% using the formula P = f / N x 100% WhereP Percentage N Total number of respondents F Frequency 8Page And lastly, for an easier glance to the data collected, it will have a graphical demonstration in a form of bar graph, pie chart and other usual graphical ways to impart the data. In order to identify the reasons why they smoke and what they turn over their parents perceive them a list of realistic choices were mentioned in the questionnaire. These reasons were ranked 1 to 3 by the respondents who are smoking and/or drinking alcoholic beverages. In order to evaluate the rankings, an improvised rubric is formulated.Every number (rank) has an equivalent vote still to differentiate and identify the leading reasons. right-down 1 3 points caste 2 2 points Rank 3 1 point The highest vote will be assigned as the top reason while the others will be ranked according to the accumulated votes. The tabulated rank can be found on the results and discussion. Other data, including the occurrence, prevalence, frequency, reasons, and perceptions of male and female senior students smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages among private and public high schools were tabulated and graphed in order to see the comparison.While in determining the awareness of the students if smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages had an effect on their health condition, and if they were able to gain friends were in a form of poll. 9Page RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The prevalence of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages among senior students of public and private high school were determined and observed. As seen in dining table 1, the total number of students smoking is 3, with 2 females and 1 male in public school. W hile 4 students, with 3 males and 1 female in private school. Among the 40 students, 7 of them were smoking.Table 1. Number of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools earth Private Subtotal young-begetting(prenominal) 1 3 4 female person 2 1 3 3 4 7 TOTAL As seen in Table 2, the total number of students drinking alcoholic beverages in public school is 6, with 4 males and 2 females. While there are 9 students drinking alcoholic beverages in private school. Among the 40 students, 15 of them were drinking alcoholic beverages. Table 2. Number of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools Public Private Subtotal Male 4 6 10 female person 2 3.5 6 9 15 TOTAL 10 P a g e The occurrence of male and female students smoking in public and private high school students is shown in Fig. 1. It was observed that theres a higher number of smoking students in male category in private school. While, there is a higher number of smoking students in female category in public school. Moreover, students from private schools are more exposed to smoking. This might be because of the accessibility and succumbability. roughly private school students are in middle to high class statuses. Smoking 3. 5 3 2. 5 2 Male 1. 5 Female 1 0. 5.0 Private Public Fig. 1. Occurrence of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools Conversely, The occurrence of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in public and private high school students are shown in Fig. 2.. It was observed that theres a higher number of students drinking alcoholic beverages in male category in private school. While, there is a higher number of students drinking alcoholic beverages in male category in public school. Moreover, students from private schools are more exposed to drinking alcoholic beverages.This might be because of the accessibility and affordability. Most private school students are in middle to high class statuses. 11 P a g e Drinking 7 6 5 4 Male 3 Female 2 1 0 Private Public Fig. 2. Occurrence of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools Table 3. Frequency of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools casual 1-2 times a week 3-5 times a week Occasionally Public Male Female 2 1 Male Female Subtotal 0 0 Private Subtotal 0 3 1 0 TOTAL 0 5 2 0 12 P a g e 0%.Smoking 0% 29% periodical 1-2x a week 3-5x a week Occasionally 71% Fig. 3. Frequency of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools Table 4. Frequency of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools Daily 1-2 times a week 3-5 times a week Occasionally Public Male Female 4 1 1 Male Female Subtotal 0 Private Subtotal 0 5 2 2 TOTAL 0 9 3 3 13 P a g e Figure 4. Frequency of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools 0% Drinking 20%.D aily 1-2x a week 3-5x a week 20% 60% Occasionally Students involved in smoking in private and public high schools had their own reasons why they did the vice. As seen in Table 5, the most voted reason in public high school was to experiment, and the least was because they imitated it from their parents. On the other hand, the most voted reason in private high school was to experiment also and the least was because of losing weight and media influence. 14 P a g e Table 5. Rank of reasons of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools.Smoking Public Private Rank voter turnouts Reason Rank Votes 6 0 Imitated from parents 2 6 2 5 Peer pressure 3 4 3 3 Media influence (advertisements) 5 0 5 1 Fashionable 4 3 5 1 Form of rebellion 4 3 4 2 Wanting to lose weight 5 0 1 6 To experiment 1 8 18 24 Table 6. combine ranking of reasons of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools Smoking Rank Reason Votes 1 To experiment 14 2 Peer pressure 9 3 Imitated from parents 6 4 Fashionable 4 4 Form of rebellion 4 5 Media influence (advertisements) 3 6 Wanting to lose weight 2 42.15 P a g e Reasons for smoking 7% To experiment 5% 33% 10% Peer Pressure Imitated from parents Fashionable 10% Form of rebellion Media influence 14% 21% Figure 5. Combined ranking of reasons of male and female students smoking in private and public high schools Students involved in drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools had their own reasons why they did the vice. As seen in Table 7, the most voted reason in public high school was to have dear(p) time with friends, and the least was because of boredom and form of rebellion.On the other hand, the most voted reason in private high school was to have erect time with friends also and the least was because of boredom and form of rebellion also. 16 P a g e Table 7. Rank of reasons of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools Drinking Alc oholic beverages Public Rank Vote Private Reason Rank Vote 1 13 To have good time with friends 1 17 3 5 To experiment, to see what its like 2 10 5 2 To feel good, get high 4 7 4 4 Because it tastes good 6 4 2 9 To relax or relieve tension 3 9 7 0 Boredom.7 0 5 2 To get away from my problems 5 6 7 0 Form of rebellion 7 0 7 0 Influenced by alcoholic parents 8 0 6 1 To get to residue 7 1 7 0 To fit with a group I like 8 0 7 0 Anger or frustration 8 0 36 54 17 P a g e Table 8. Combined ranking of reasons of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools Drinking Rank Reason Votes 1 To have good time with friends 30 2 To relax or relieve tension 18 3 To experiment, to see what its like 15 4 To feel good, get high 9 5 Because it tastes good 8 5 To get away from my problems.8 6 To get to recreation 2 7 Boredom 0 7 Form of rebellion 0 7 Influenced by alcoholic parents 0 7 To fit with a group I like 0 7 Anger or frustration 0 90 18 P a g e Reason s for drinking alcoholic beverages 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% To have good time with friends To relax or relieve tension 9% To experiment, to see what its like 9% 33% To feel good, get high Because it tastes good To get away from my problems 10% To get to relaxation Boredom Form of rebellion 17% Influenced by alcoholic parents 20% To fit with a group I like Anger or frustration Fig. 6.Combined ranking of reasons of male and female students drinking alcoholic beverages in private and public high schools High school students are indeed part of the society. However, that does not mean that all of them are aware on certain issues present in the status quo today. Figure7 shows us that in terms of awareness of male and female students in the effects of smoking to the health condition, 95% said that they are aware, and 5% said they are not aware. This just means that even though majority knows that this can affect health condition, there are still young students who are blindly exposed to this hab it.Aware Not Aware 95% 5% Fig. 7. Awareness status of male and female students in the effects of smoking to the health condition 19 P a g e Figure 8 shows us that in terms of awareness of male and female students in the effects of drinking alcoholic beverages to the health condition, 100% said that they are aware. Students were able to identify the prejudicious effects of drinking to health condition. 100% Aware Not Aware Fig. 8. Awareness status of male and female students in the effects of drinking alcoholic beverages to the health condition.While it is important to know the reason why some adolescents smoke and/or drink alcoholic beverages, and later knowing if they were aware that these things affect their health conditions. We also have to look at the perceptions of people around them, and also what they think of themselves. In contrast to awareness of the respondents in the negative effects of smoking and drinking on health condition is their way of performing these vices, either alone, with friends, or both. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 shows the way of drinking and smoking of public and private high school students respectively.It is observed that 53% or the majority of the students engage in drinking with friends, and 80% of them smoke either alone or with friends. This shows the social aspect of the students with their same age group in doing the said activities. 20 P a g e Do you drink by yourself or with your friends? 0% Alone 47% With friends 53% Both Fig. 9. Way of drinking alcoholic beverages of male and female students among public and private high schools Do you smoke by yourself or with your friends? 0% 20% Alone With friends Both 80% Fig. 10. Way of smoking of male and female students among public and private high schools.21 P a g e Table 9. Perception of smokers and/or drinker of people on them Parents Cool Friends Self 2 3 4 0 2 1 - 9 - 8 - 6 4 2 4 Addict sound Bad As seen in Fig. 11, the majority of the students answered COOL as what they think their parents eyeshot of them. The least vote was they thought that their parents think their children were bad. This means that even if theyre doing those kinds of vices, their parents still accept them. What your parents think of you? 9% 10% Cool Addict Good 23% 58% Bad Fig. 11.Perception of the respondents on what their parents think of them as they smoke and drink alcoholic beverages 22 P a g e On the other hand, the Fig. 12 shows the perception of the respondents on what their friends think of them in engagement of the said vices. 54% think that their friends consider their activity in a good way because it helps them gain friends, to be able to interact, and to socialize well with other people. It is observed that what they think their friends perceive also had the same result as to how they comprehend themselves when they smoke or drink.What your friends think of you? 13% 20% Cool Addict 13% Good Bad 54% Fig. 12. Perception of the respondents on what their friend s think of them as they smoke and drink alcoholic beverages It is also important that students can assess themselves even if they are doing some vices. As seen in Figure 13, majority of them still thought that they are good. However, 6% of the students thought they are addicts. Conversely, there is a consensus that 27% thought that they are cool and bad. 23 P a g e How do you perceive youself? Cool 27% 27% Addict Good 6% Bad 40% Fig.13. Perception of the respondents on what they perceive on themselves as they smoke and drink alcoholic beverages Perceptions are indeed important. But, it is still significant when it comes to application or reality. Are these students still gain friends after all their vices? In a poll seen in Fig. 14, 9 out of 15 said that they gained friends, and 6 out of 15 said that they did not gain friends. Meaning, there people who discriminate or detest the vices. Or even if its okay for them, it is not proper to be exposed earlier. Did you gain friends? Yes No 60%.40% 9 out of 15 6 out of 15 Fig. 14. A poll showing the effect of drinking and/or smoking on their socialization Seemingly, many committed smokers and/or drinkers showed that they gained friends after having learning how to smoke and/or drink. However, there are still some who dont. 24 P a g e LIMITATION AND SIGNIFICANCE Limitation There are certain problems that were encountered in the study. One of which is that the idea that honesty in answering these questionnaires have suffered. The respondents may or may not answer these questionnaires in full honesty.From here, we may have little discrepancies or percentage errors. significance The significance of this study is for the teenagers to be aware in terms of the effects of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages on their physiological health. This study can also help the parents of those teenagers to understand more the point of view of teenagers who are engaged to these activities. They can know the cause why teenagers a re into smoking and drinking alcoholic beverage. 25 P a g e SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.Summary and Conclusion The study was able to conduct the research on the prevalence of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages among senior students of public and private high school. 18% of the students in both public and private schools are engaged in smoking however, there are students in private schools who smoke more than students in public schools. It is concluded that the social status of the students is a common factor since private school students have more access to cigarettes and could afford it than those in public schools.It is also determined that the male students in private schools and the female students in public schools are more prone to the said vice and their main reasons were (1) to experiment (2) peer pressure and (3) imitated from their parents. With regards to their way of smoking, the students general frequency is 1-2 times a week, and they usually smoke ei ther alone or with peers. Most likely they tend to smoke with their peers because it is their way of socialization. The students also perceive that they are also likely to gain friends when they smoke.It is concluded that the perception of the students to what their parent think of them is in-the-trend when they are engaged in smoking. The majority thinks that their parents consider them as cool or sophisticated. Aside from that, the respondents think that their friends refer to smoking in a good way, causing them to also perceive the same judgment. To summarize the above statements, it is evident that the students in their adolescent stage have more desire to please their peers rather than their parents because they want to have a sense of be and they want to socialize more with people of the same age group.Peers are the most important relationship in the teenage years. They engage in different kinds of activities, and one of those are vices. In this stage, the curiosity level of the person is prominent because he/she is able to perceive different kinds of activities from various types of people. Parents are also a factor because they are the ones who nourish their childs well-being. What they do causes 26 P a g e various impacts on the child, causing him/her to either imitate it or not.The social status of the students also has an effect on their engagement in vices it depends on how well they can afford it and on what terms they could get access. On the other hand, not every student in both public and private high schools is aware that smoking can affect their health condition. 5% of the students are still blindly exposed to the effects of smoking therefore, it is recommended that both kinds of schools should also give the students more knowledge and expose them.

Case in motivation and teamwork of Starbuck Essay Example for Free

slipperiness in motivation and police squadwork of Starbuck EssayCase in motivation and teamwork of StarbuckIntroductionQuestion 1 Formal teams are teams whose structures are drop offly defined mainly of the basis of specialization. In these types of teams, the members are not equal and every one of them has a association (Moorhead Griffin, 73). For example, there are managers, supervisors and other junior employees. It is worthy noting that every member of a formal team fulfills their specific duties. For example, managers stay in their offices and issues directives to their juniors. On the other hand, informal teams have no structure and either team members are seen as equal careless(predicate) of their specialty. In these types of teams, any member can coiffure any task.Question 2A team in Starbucks consists of three to six people and this helps the employees to get each other well. Any opinion expressed by employees is given an equal significance regardless o f their position.The top caution at Starbucks work together with their juniors which makes them more familiar and closer compared to other bureaucratic companies.The way at Starbucks treats all employees as equals and this is aimed at reducing the gap between the employees and the management.The top management at the company believes that employees are its main spirit. Consequently, the management adopts an interactive organizational structure that makes the employees love their jobs and perform them with passion.Question 3a) The size of a team is an important factor because it determines how well the team members last each other. This is important because it brings about cohesion in the work place.b) The first benefit of Starbucks having small teams of round in every branch is that the team members get to know each other better. Secondly, it improves communication indoors the group.Question 4 From the Starbucks case study, it is clear that there are three major issues tha t the company call for to address in its planning process namely listening to the opinion of its employees, equal discussion and ensuring tidy welfare for the employees. commensurate treatment- this is one of the major issues that the company needs to address in its planning process. Equal treatment requires all employees to be treated equally regardless of their position. According to the case study, it is clear that the management at the company treats all employees as equals and refers to them as partners. This is important because it narrows the gap between the employees and the management. Treating every employees reasonably and equally in the workplace results in a friendly working environment. Consequently, if the issue of equal treatment is addressed in the planning process, it will help in creating closer working atmosphere and unspoiled management (Rynes Rosen 64). Listening to the employees- listening to the employees is other issue that requires to be ad dressed in the planning process. From the Starbucks case, it is clear that the company wants every employee to take part in developing plans and work as a team to achieve the set goals. Consequently, the companys principles and policies are communicated to all employees, and there is no restriction in the employees individual opinions. By listening to the employees, makes them feel important which in turn motivates them hence change magnitude their productivity (Rynes Rosen, 83).ReferencesMoorhead, G., Griffin, R. W. Managing organizational behavior. (10th ed.). Cengage Learning., 2012. PrintRynes, S., Rosen, B. A field survey of factors affecting the adoption and perceived mastery of diversity training. Personnel Psychology, 1995. PrintSource document

Translation & Antigone Essay Example for Free

deracination Antigone EssayTransmittance of Interpretation and Intention in Translation Sophocles calamity Antigone, although written long agone in a linguistic form foreign to the modern English speaker, finds new and relatable life by the whims and wits of Robert Fagles and Anne Carsons variants, Antigone and Antigo nick respectively. After reading either reading and recognizing the great variation mingled with them, the expedient question to ask encroaches as Which is the much accurate version of the Grecian tale, or which flummoxs much wholesomely to the inventions and meanings of the certain spring? However, this becomes glaringly sheer non to be the correct, nor even significantly pertinent question one should ask when extricating meaning from the residual texts. Indeed no such judgment materializes as worldly possible. Rather, a question gives way to an investigation equipped with a determined process of reading, and in fact literature itself, to ultima tely reach the deductible answer of how the app bent style and meaning puzzle out the subscribers understanding of the text a product of the translator as much, if not to a greater extent than so, than the original text.That this aim might be achieved requires identifying certain driving single-valued functions attributed to the texts as being birthed by the particular intentions of the translators. Translation comprises a difficult task. In her book why Translation Matters, Edith Grossman lists these difficulties on behalf of translators in general, Our purpose is to re-create as far as possible, within the alien system of a second language, exclusively the characteristics, vagaries, quirks, and stylistic peculiarities of the work we are translating (Grossman 2010).Such an endeavor complicates given the intricacy of working merely in a single language, let alone taking it a step further to transform them for not only compatibility but functionality in some other. Reading li terature in but one language represents an faultless process in and of itself. Essentially originating with the thoughts of one (probably in part inspired by those in front it, though undoubtedly motivated by whatever it is about the human spirit that demands of itself to share aspects of itself ), these thoughts fall finished the sieve of language further until wrought into the written word.However, after having passed into language and especially into literature, by resemblance somewhat sterilized to its spoken originator, these thoughts force backs on a form of potential meaning of their own. In this conveyed form, although part isolated from the originator, the opportunity for its grand purpose of reaching another human being for rendering and extracted splendor realizes. Although the author had an intended meaning for and in the communicated, the realized significance of the reader cannot be identical to the original, as no individual can formulate and feel the exact l ike meaning as another in the exact same way.Translation adds further convolution to this process with addition of another interpretive entity and step, in essence altering the transfer of intention and meaning from the original to the end reader into deuce conjunctive, but nonetheless separate forms. Proof of this step is evident in good translations as Grossman describes, We leave perceive the text, emotionally and artistically, in a manner that parallels and corresponds to the esthetic experience of its prototypical readers. This is the translators grand ambition. Good translations approach that purpose (Grossman 2010).In order to achieve this, Grossman goes on to say, We do this by analogythat is, by finding comparable, not identical, characteristics in the second language (Grossman, 2010). Joe Sachs, in the introduction to his translation of Aristotles Nichomachean Ethics, echoes Grossman, asserting If one regards the virtue of a translation as smoothness, and its greatest f ault as awkwardness, then all writing must be lost in translation, reduced to those ordinary choices of words that fit without a hitch into the thinking we fool already done (Sachs VIII).Sachs goes on to provide an splendid example of these necessary analogies, and possible irregularity associated with them, by linking the true definition of the Greek work energia, complete to Aristotles philosophy, not simply and smoothly with activity unless contextually its special and emphatic meaning is realized for the reader (Sachs VIII). Rather the central idea of being at work approaches energia, both in the sense datum of a being as an entity and being as an action or inherent condition of that entity (Sachs VIII).In the face of such a daunting task, in fact one technically impossible in entirety, a translator invariably infuses personal interest into the resultant work. Admitting to the notion of personal infusion, Grossman states, The undeniable human beings is that the work beco mes the translators (while simultaneously and mysteriously somehow remaining the work of the original author) as we transmute it into a second language (Grossman, 2010). Rachel Galvin also attests to this notion in her essay Looting as she cites Horaldo De Campos utilizing the reminiscent verb regarding Carsons text a transcreation a critical reading and transformation or diversionary attack of the original ( Galvin, 2013).As it pertains to Anne Carsons Antigo nick and Robert Fagles Antigone, differences in oerall style and meaning are evident in al more or less e very aspect aside from a few necessary commonalities that still colligate them as English translations of Sophocles Antigone. Either story contains the necessary background and the ensuing problem and plot of Antigones lawlessness against Creon for the sake of her disgraced dead brother, leading to her internment and suicide.To be sure, to translate they must, and do anyway, habitually, as Joe Sachs in his introduction to his translation of Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics, bypass the accumulated baggage of a tradition that cannot execute that task (Sachs VII). This accumulated baggage may be anything detracting from their determined necessary orbit of transference. First and initiatory among matching efforts directed toward this end entail both being direct Greek to English translations.To do so avoids any further diluting or complicating of the resultant text, and perhaps more importantly side locomote historically influencing thought inherent in, for example, a Greek to Latin to English translation. Written in comparably straightforward colloquy, the translations also shake off baggage in their more direct and thitherby relatable language. though sometimes similar, the two seem to neer actually match, such as when Antigone speaks to her sister about their vernacular uncertainty to the future as to wherefore she has summoned her to the gate, Fagles translation stating, I thought so, thats w hy I brought you out here (60).And Carsons translation similarly stating, Thats what I thought thats why I called you out here (1). Yet outside ordinary necessities either translators take on the tragedy differs on most of the other major points. If they generate from the same story, how is it possible to have such essential variation between the translations? Plainly, Carson and Fagles, being two different human beings, inevitably see the play differently. The translations principally diverge in the literal replication of his and her individual interpretations, and further how these interpretations perceptibly predominate the translations.These differing strengths produce different styles and highlight differing meanings of the texts as congruent with the intentions for the works. The overall style of each text takes the preponderant role of establishing the standard of displaying reverence for a beloved text, but also taking ownership of it (Galvin, 2013). This desire most stro ngly permeates the readers attention by the very style in which either translation is written and presented on the page.Carsons text is handwritten, in all capital letters, and of either black or red ink (red ink denoting extra emphasis). Furthermore, the writing itself emphasizes the artistic value as choppy all the same punctually important. Fagles holds fast to what is normally expected of a book and simply appears as type of paper, separating characters dialogue in neat organization, all the while in iambic pentameter. This translation prefers a more verbally aesthetic approach, and by comparison to Antigo nick appreciates more of a prolonged beauty.The examine of Fagles translation as adhering to a more traditional approach regarding translation, in addition to storytelling in general, attempting to deal accurately with the original text bleeds through with the simplicity and smoothness, yet elegance of his language such as the dialogue of Haemon exhausting to convince his f ather to bend Youve seen trees by a raging winter torrent, how many sway with the gush and salvage every twig, but not the stubborn theyre ripped out, roots and all.Bend or break. The same when a main is sailing haul your sheets overly taut, never give an inch, youll capsize Oh give way, unlax your anger (96). Whereas Carsons version instead attempts to break new ground in the field of translation. The very same instance in Carsons version instead recounts riding a bicycle and condenses the fictive original into, Trees bend ships loosen the rigging no single human being has perfect knowledge (26). two translators are attempting to recast the language in a new age, but Carsons intention aligns more so than Fagles with the goal of rendering these works in her own idioms (Galvin, 2010). Take for example the first page of Antigo nick, as Antigone speaks to Ismene she says We begin in the dark and birth is the wipeout of us Ismene Who said that Antigone Hegel Ismene sounds more l ike Beckett Antigone He was paraphrasing Hegel (1). Fagles has no equivalent to this.Including these thoughts and thinkers, moreover, seems intuitively counteractive to good translating, considering Sophocles tragedy existed thousands of years before these thinkers. But preeminently establishing this precedent identifies the very purpose of Carsons translation to make something relatable to the individual human and historically meaningful human thought. The emphasis of death and darkness as timelessly uniting factors takes precedence over the development and presentation of the tragedy of specialisedally Antigone.Most notable, and indeed basic amongst the intentions of Carson blatantly occupies the front go along simply the title Antigo Nick, beginning with Antigone but ending as Carson dictates it, with the name Nick (an added character and subject of fatalistic time in and of himself) not only portends another discrepancy, but lessens the slant of Antigone herself. Furthermore, Antigo nick more adequately presents itself as a vehicle characterized by and celebratory of these meaningful connections, exemplified by Carsons handwritten text as it artistically dances amid illustrator Bianca Stones cryptic imagery.Though the images impart an account of their own, the calendar method between text and images is often surprising and their relationship mysterious (Galvin, 2013). These images often speak to the desired magnificence of Carsons translation, complementing the text rather than the story with enormous dreamscapes. Conversely, Fagles translation dwells on the specificity of this story the utmost evidence being the long introduction of historical and cultural context. In doing so Fagles makes his translation able to distinctly stand alone with inclusive significance.For example, with the provided historical and cultural lens, the meaning of Antigones rebellion amplifies by its subversion of these historical and cultural factors, namely her being a wo man as well as the female child of Oedipus, etc. Her rebellion in Antigo nick does not in specific mean anything, rather rebellion against authority in general means something. Moreover generalized, passionate rebellion once again proves more relatable to the universal human as well as holistic history.Carson intentionally requires both modern and foregoing knowledge to both know the story and understand its allusions, such as here comes Kreon rowing his motorboat (5). Or Your Clumsy Its TrueClumsy as your FatherRemember how Brecht Had you do the whole play with a door strapped To your back (35). The reader is left at the mercy of this language and its allusions and inherent emphases, all of which are completely based in the interpretation of meaning by Carson as she, although creating new meanings, embraces an avant-garde tradition.The reader is dependent on former(prenominal) knowledge to understand the text, and is thereby led to different connections personal to Carson, thoug h alien to Fagles translation. Originating from the same story, the reader acquaints with differing constructions of importance. The substructures of Sophocles play are themselves altered by the translated language in alignment with Fagles and Carsons intentions for their translations. The translators differing purposes for what their texts are attempting to carry through cultivate a differing sense most notably of tragedy.When presented with the actual Greek, Fagles presumably understood it going in through the lens of a classical Grecian tragedy, and consistently depicted it as such. Therefore, characters carry themselves and are motivated heroically with artfulness in other words not very relatable. Carsons stressed theme strays away from the emphasized sense of tragedy, and instead, through the strong and often piecemeal dialogue emphasizes the less magnificent reality of blunt death overlooked in usual tragedy. Characters therefore come across as impulsive and somewhat unawa re relatable.These differences are evident from the beginning of the play, as Carsons Antigone relates to Ismene regarding their dead brother, businesslike sister my dead are mine and yours as well (2). Fagles translation more nobly depicts the proboscis as brother, saying instead he is my brother and deny it as you will your brother too (61). This notion goes on to be further reinforced as Ismene attempts to share in hers sisters fate, as in the Fagles version, I did it, yes if only she consents I share the guilt, the consequences too, while Antigone responds, No, Justice will never suffer that not you, you were unwilling.I never brought you in (87). Yet Ismene in the equivalent line of Antigo nick states, I did the deed I share the blame Antigone You did nothing you shared nothing leave my death alone (18-19). Fagless smooth language and invocation of justice and guilt dignifies both parties, while Carsons fast and choppy language blame, nothing, and death diminish gracious ness. Furthermore, this wanting of an inglorious death undermines the sense of tragedy in that portraying it in such a fashion weakens purposefulness, or the beauty / art of it.The large tragicvoid in Antigo nick compared to Antigone illustrates most profoundly in the suicidal end, as Fagless courier describes And there we found her hanged by the neck in a fine linen noose, strangled in her veils and the boy, his arms flung around her waist, clinging to her and then doomed and desperate with himself, suddenly leaning his full weight on the blade, he buried it in his body, haldway to the hilt. And still in his senses, pouring his arms around her, he embraced the girl, realeased a quick rush of blood bright red on her cheek glistening white.And there he lies body enfolding body (122-123). Antigo nick, true to form, forbears from such a tragically moving finale, with the messenger instead explaining the scene The girl hanging the boy a bloody lung the sword sinking up to its own m outh (34). A greater distinction cannot be made, concerning the language of tragedy, as recounting something as an enfolding crimson kiss vs. a bloody lung. Fagles melodrama and Carsons understatement engineer discrepant intensities of admirability for their characters in their beliefs, actions, and ends.The management and development of tragedy or considerable lack thereof, via these characters, aligns with the intentions of the translators to relate not only their interpretation of the initial text, but also their intentions in translating it true to their forms. Discrepancies among translations come from discrepancies among translators. The differing versions of style and tragedy ultimately adhere to the grand intention of either translator for either translation.Galvin quotes Osip Mandelstam, when speaking of Dante, though she believes the statement to be as rue of Sophocles, as saying, It is inconceivable to read these texts without directing them towards contemporaneity. The y were created for that purpose. They are missiles for capturing the future. They demand commentary in the futurum. (Galvin, 2013). Both Antigone and Antigo Nick achieve this end. Fagless succeeds in producing an understandable and straightforward look at the original play.Fagles importantly also succeeds in manufacturing a stand alone, most probably accurate version of Sophocles original Antigone, customarily emphasizing tragedy. Carson succeeds in bringing a new, futuristic, or rather modern spin to an old story. Her untruth of a relatable piece, both in terms of relevance to the lay man as well as its self-proclaimed correspondence to historical thought and an avant-garde tradition, reserve it its place in this necessary ongoing commentary. original literature and translation by means of personal infusion enriches language with diverse meaning, because, The more a language embraces infusions and transfusions of new elements and foreign turns of phrase, the larger, more forcefu l, and more flexible it becomes as an expressive medium (Grossman). The deliverance of art as well as the exemplification of translational truths unite both texts just as their mutual origins in the Greek of Sophocles do.The crucial conclusion regarding the derivation and understanding of meaning among these two translations, and translation as well as literature overall, depends upon the authors (or translators) literal adaptation of his or her interpretations arousing an analogous notion in the reader. It constitutes a personal process reliant upon the ability to transmit specific significance through style and emphasized meanings. Or simply the reader is never free from the author (perhaps gladly so).Works CitedAristotle. Nichomachean Ethics. Trans. Sachs, Joe. Newburyport, MA Focus Publishing, 2002. Print. Galvin, Rachel. Looting. Boston Review. Boston Review, 1 Mar 2013. Web. 12 Nov 2013. . Grossman, Edith. From Why Translation Matters. Why Translation Matters Yale Universit y Press. (2010) n. pag. Words Without Borders. Web. 12 Nov 2013. . Sophocles. Antigone. Trans. Carson, Anne. New York New Directions, 2012. Print. Sophocles. Antigone. Trans. Robert Fagles. New York Penguin Group, 1984. Print.